Double Sivers effect asymmetries and their impact on transversity measurements at RHIC

We study double transverse spin asymmetries in the Drell-Yan process at measured transverse momentum of the lepton pair. Contrary to what a collinear factorization approach would suggest, a nonzero double transverse spin asymmetry in the laboratory frame a priori does not imply nonzero transversity. TMD effects, such as the double Sivers effect, in principle form a background. Using the current knowledge of the relevant TMDs we estimate their contribution in the laboratory frame for Drell-Yan and W production at RHIC and point out a cross check asymmetry measurement to bound the TMD contributions. We also comment on the transverse momentum integrated asymmetries that only receive power suppressed background contributions.Comment: 12 pages, 11 eps figures, minor changes, matches the published versio

Non-Universality and Evolution of the Sivers Function

We examine the large-x QCD evolution of the twist-three gluonic-pole strength defining an effective T-odd Sivers function, where evolution of the T-even transverse-spin DIS structure function g2 is multiplicative. The result corresponds to a colour-factor modified spin-averaged twist-two evolution.Comment: Presented at the ECT* Workshop on Recent Advances in Perturbative QCD and Hadronic Physics (20-25 July 2009} - final version (minor modifications

What can break the Wandzura--Wilczek relation?

We analyze the breaking of the Wandzura-Wilczek relation for the g_2 structure function, emphasizing its connection with transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions. We find that the relation is broken by two distinct twist-3 terms, and clarify how these can be separated in measurements of double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering. Through a quantitative analysis of available g_2 data we also show that the breaking of the Wandzura-Wilczek relation can be as large as 15-30% of the size of g_2.Comment: 12 page

Contribution of Twist-3 Multi-Gluon Correlation Functions to Single Spin Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering

As a possible source of the single transverse spin asymmetry, we study the contribution from purely gluonic correlation represented by the twist-3 ``three-gluon correlation" functions in the transversely polarized nucleon. We first define a complete set of the relevant three-gluon correlation functions, and then derive its contribution to the twist-3 single-spin-dependent cross section for the $D$-meson production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, which is relevant to determine the three-gluon correlations. Our cross-section formula differs from the corresponding result in the literature, and the origin of the discrepancy is clarified.Comment: 29 pages, 3 figures minor corrections; version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Solution of the off-forward leading logarithmic evolution equation based on the Gegenbauer moments inversion

Using the conformal invariance the leading-log evolution of the off-forward structure function is reduced to the forward evolution described by the conventional DGLAP equation. The method relies on the fact that the anomalous dimensions of the Gegenbauer moments of the off-forward distribution are independent on the asymmetry, or skewedness, parameter and equal to the DGLAP ones. The integral kernels relating the forward and off-forward functions with the same Mellin and Gegenbauer moments are presented for arbitrary asymmetry value.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, no figures, revised version, references adde

Evolution of twist-3 multi-parton correlation functions relevant to single transverse-spin asymmetry

We constructed two sets of twist-3 correlation functions that are responsible for generating the novel single transverse-spin asymmetry in the QCD collinear factorization approach. We derive evolution equations for these universal three-parton correlation functions. We calculate evolution kernels relevant to the gluonic pole contributions to the asymmetry at the order of $\alpha_s$. We find that all evolution kernels are infrared safe as they should be and have a lot in common to the DGLAP evolution kernels of unpolarized parton distributions. By solving the evolution equations, we explicitly demonstrate the factorization scale dependence of these twist-3 correlation functions.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figures, new materials and references adde

One-Loop Factorization of the Nucleon g_2-Structure Function in the Non-Singlet Case

We consider the one-loop factorization of the simplest twist-three process: inclusive deep-inelastic scattering of longitudinally-polarized leptons on a transversely-polarized nucleon target. By studying the Compton amplitudes for certain quark and gluon states at one loop, we find the coefficient functions for the non-singlet twist-three distributions in the factorization formula of g_2(x_B,Q^2). The result marks the first step towards a next-to-leading order (NLO) formalism for this transverse-spin-dependent structure function of the nucleon.Comment: 14 pages, revtex4, four figures included, minor change

Error Estimates on Parton Density Distributions

Error estimates on parton density distributions are presently based on the traditional method of least squares minimisation and linear error propagation in global QCD fits. We review the underlying assumptions and the various mathematical representations of the method and address some technical issues encountered in such a global analysis. Parton distribution sets which contain error information are described.Comment: Latex, 12 pages, 5 figures. Needs iopart.cls and iopart12.clo. Presented at New Trends in HERA Physics 2001, Ringberg Castle, Tegernsee, Germany, June 17-22, 200